Designing The Distribution Network in a Supply Chain

Supply Chain Management

Chapter 4

Designing the Distribution Network in a Supply Chain

Peran Distribusi dalam Supply Chain

• Distribusi: langkah yang diambil untuk memindahkan dan menyimpan produk dari supplier customer
• Distribusi secara langsung mempengaruhi biaya dan pengalaman pelanggan (customer experience)
• Pilihan jaringan distribusi dapat mencapai tujuan supply chain dari biaya rendah (low cost)sampai respon tinggi (high responsiveness)

Perancangan Jaringan Distribusi

Dimensi-dimensi untuk performansi jaringan distribusi:

·         Kebutuhan pelanggan yang terpenuhi à pendapatan

·                    ·          Biaya memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan à profit

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Desain Jaringan Distribusi

}  Elemen-elemen dari customer service

·         Response time

·         Product variety

·         Product availability

·         Customer experience

·         Order visibility

·         Returnability

}  Biaya Supply chain :

·         Inventories

·         Transportation

·         Facilities and handling

·         Information

Service and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.1)

The Cost-Response Time Frontier

Inventory Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.2)

Transportation Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.3)

Facility Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.4)

Total Costs Related to Number of Facilities

Variation in Logistics Costs and Response Time with Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.5)

Design Options for a Distribution Network

The Value of Distributors In the Supply Chain

• Distributing Consumer Goods in India
• Distributing MRO Products (Grainger)
• Distributing Electronic Components

Distribution Networks in Practice

• The ownership structure of the distribution network can have as big as an impact as the type of distribution network
• The choice of a distribution network has very long-term consequences
• Consider whether an exclusive distribution strategy is advantageous
• Product, price, commoditization, and criticality have an impact on the type of distribution system preferred by customers

Summary of Learning Objectives

• when designing the distribution network?
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of various distribution options?
• What roles do distributors play in the supply chain?